Friday, January 13, 2023

Story of the World - Chapter 16: The Return of Assyria

Story of the World Chapter 16 Lesson Plans
Ashurbanipal on a Lion Hunt


They're back!   We learned about the Assyrians in Chapter 8, and now they are making a re-appearance. 

For those new to my site, this is part of my history series where I share supplementary activities for Story of the World history chapters.  If you aren't using Story of the World, you can still use this page to supplement your lessons:  Just skip over the "While Reading Story of the World" section, and browse my suggestions of books and scroll down to enjoy the Assyrian Banquet activity. 

SUPPLEMENTARY BOOKS
I almost always supplement our Story of the World reading with pictures from other books.   Here's the books I used for this chapter.   Your library may have other books that would work just as well.

DISCLAIMER:  Here and elsewhere on the page, I include some links through which I can earn commission (but, I usually  suggest looking for these in your library, which of course is free). 


Mesopotamia - DK Eyewitness Book
This book has been one of the books I've used the most during the first half of Story of the World.   It's been the best picture reference related to all things about the various civilizations in Mesopotamia which Story of the World talks about.  The index makes it easy to find what I need (though since it's not organized by nation/city-state in most places they are scattered throughout the book).  Still, this is one I'm glad I bought.  

Bible Lands - DK Eyewitness Book
This is a great DK book about the various places mentioned in the Bible.  It's a respectful secular book that I thought I would use much more than I did throughout Story of the World, but I just ended up finding better illustrations elsewhere most of the time.  It did occasionally have something I used though, such as the illustration of Assyrian siege towers I used in this chapter.



The Assyrians by Elaine Landau
While I was really happy to find a book JUST on the Assyrians in my library, and this had some excellent pictures, it's not one I would feel the need to buy.




WHILE READING STORY OF THE WORLD

SECTION 1:  Ashurbanipal's Attack
For this section we looked at several books.  Really, DK Eyewitness Books: Mesopotamia  would have provided sufficient pictures on it's own, but I had grabbed some other library books too, and picked the best pictures from each (it's nice sometimes too to have several books open at once so I don't have to flip pages).  There are some slight changes between the revised and original version of SOTW you can find here.

Paragraphs 1-3
We used the nice map in The Assyrians by Elaine Landau, which showed both the smaller area covered during early Assyria, and the vast area covered during the Assyrian empire.

In paragraph 3 there was one semi-error.  It said "The Isrealites were never allowed to return back to their own land again."  But later in SOTW it talks about how they were allowed to return under King Cyrus.   That was over a hundred years later, so those people who were drivien out by Ashurbanipal wouldn't have returned (only their descendants), which is probably what the author meant.   Still, I felt like it was confusing so I skipped that line.

Paragraph 4
DK Eyewitness Books: Mesopotamia pictures a carving of Ashurbanipal in his palace (pg 47), and an earlier Assryian king on a lion hunt (pg 44-45).   I found a picture of smaller section of the banquet carving here (also included below, in the activities section).

Paragraph 5
DK Eyewitness Books: Mesopotamia has a large picture of a section of carving showing Assyrian soldiers in pairs with bows and shields attacking a city and climbing ladders over the walls (pg 42-43).   I found this same carving online here. I've found better pictures online of the archers and shield bearers recently (see below.  You can click on the pictures to see them larger.)
Assyrians in formation with bows and large basket shields
This photograph by Mike Peel (www.mikepeel.net) is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license.


Two types of Assyrian basket shields, one smaller, and one larger (both held by sheild bearer protecting archer).This illustration shows two different styles of basket shield.



Paragraph 6.
Bible Lands, in it's section on the Siege of Lachish (pg 46-47), shows an amazing carving of Assyrian's using a siege tower and battering ram (and also has an artist's rendering of one), as well as pictures of Assyrian armor and weapons.

SECTION 2:   The Library  at Nineveh
The Assyrians  had both artistic renderings of Nineveh and a picture of the formerly well-preserved ruins of the walls of Nineveh (sadly, I learned that Isis recently destroyed parts of these ruins recently,  and also destroyed many other artifacts of Nineveh.)   You can still see pictures of the gate that was destroyed Ninevah here.  There are also some excellent photos, map, and reconstructions here (with pictures you can mouse over to enlarge). 


BIBLE STORY
We followed this by reading the Story of Jonah in a children's Bible.



VIDEO
This amazing digital recreation of the city of Nineveh is worth watching.

from Kais Jacob on Vimeo.




EXTRA READING/ACTIVITIES

An Assyrian Banquet

Assyrian Relief of the Banquet of Ashurbanipal From Nineveh
This photograph by Mary Harrsch is licensed under the

Did you know that people from this time actually wrote down their recipes in cuneiform?   They did, which means we have lots of recipes, though it takes a little interpretation to figure out what they meant sometimes.   Thankfully, there's some historian cooks out there who did the hard work for us.

A fun activity is to make an Assyrian style banquet using some of these recipes.  I suggest making some or all of the dishes below with your children.   You could even have a pretend banquet, decking the table with fancy tablecloths and dishes and enjoying food fit for a king.  The passage suggested below would be a great piece to read to set the mood before you eat.

Silk Road Gourmet has a wonderful narrative description of an Assyrian Banquet in the first four paragraphs of the this post.   I suggest  stopping after the line "One by one the dishes you have waited all afternoon for are revealed" in the fourth paragraph, because after this she lists off broths to make a point--that the recipes on a translated cuneiform tablet were probably not all broths, but that, as she describes later...

I don’t think that any of the recipes translated by Bottero are broths. Rather, they are general guidelines for the flavors of dishes that range from koreshes, curries and soups to braised meats and dry pilafs – it all depends on the relative proportions of liquid and solid ingredients. Amounts of ingredients are almost always absent, so the exact dish prepared is left up to the cook.

A lot of the technical stuff after those four paragraphs wouldn't be interesting to most  kids...but they might enjoy making the recipe at the end of the post for Lamb with Barley and Mint.  Or not.  Maybe lamb and mint isn't really a kid-friendly recipe (I remember disliking something similar as a small child).  But, these other ancient recipes ARE a  more kid friendly and also not too hard to make:    

Mersu - Type 1
What I especially like about this one is the note down at the bottom that Coconut (an optional ingredient used), "might have been known by the neo-Assyrian period."   The Neo-Assyrian period is exactly the period of our chapter, so you can imagine this new and exciting food from abroad being introduced to the Assyrian court.

Mesopotamian Wheat Bread
Easy recipe kids would enjoy eating and making, with common ingredients.



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Tuesday, January 10, 2023

Story of the World: Chap 15 - Phonician Traders



This page is part of my history series where I share supplementary activities for Story of the World history chapters.  If you aren't using Story of the World, you can still use this page:  Just skip over the "While Reading Story of the World" section, and browse my suggestions of books and activities for learning about the Phoenicians. 



SUPPLEMENTARY BOOKS
I almost always supplement our Story of the World reading with pictures from other books.   Here's the books I used for this chapter.   Your library may have other books that would work just as well.

DISCLAIMER:  Here and elsewhere on the page, I include some links through which I can earn commission (but, even so, I highly suggest looking for these in your library first, which of course is free). 

The Phoenicians by Katherine Reece
I was so excited to actually find a children's book JUST ABOUT the Phoenicians in our library.  It had some good maps, pictures and illustrations we used--though I had to go to another source for pictures of Phoenician glass (they only showed a shaped glass bead).   While we didn't read further about the Phoenicians than the Story of the World text, this would have been a good source for that had we wanted to.  It also had info on modern Lebanon, where the area of the original homeland of ancient Phoenicia was located.


Bible Lands - Eyewitness Book
This is a great DK book about the various places mentioned in the Bible.  It's a respectful secular book that I thought I would use much more than I did throughout Story of the World, but I just ended up finding better illustrations elsewhere most of the time.  It did occasionally have something I used though, such as the illustrations of the Phoenician glassware and cloth I used to illustrate this chapter.





WHILE READING STORY OF THE WORLD

SECTION 1:  Phoenicia Traders
(Note:   The Revised and Original version are the same for this section, except for different maps and some slight punctuation changes).

Paragraphs 1- 2
We looked at some maps in The Phoenicians by Katherine Reece

Paragraph 3
We looked at pictures of ships and some of the trade goods mentioned in The Phoenicians (there's a great drawing of a Phoenician ship in the SOTW Activity pages too for kids to color).  
Paragraphs 4 - 6
We looked at the  glass bead shown in The Phoenicians and the pictures of blown glass vases shown on the page on the Phoenicians in Bible Lands (note, there's a newer version of this book but I'm not sure what pictures and information was changed in it).   A found a public domain image of a Phoenician glass bead which i shared below.   I imagine this also shows a little bit about how Phoenician men adorned themselves and wore their hair. 

Public Domain

Paragraph 7 - 8
Showed shell and purple cloth pictures from The Phoenicians and Bible Lands (found in pg 41 in the section on Money and Trade). You could also use the picture I found that shows the shells of the murex snails, and the cloth dyed with murex snail dye.   You can click on it to show a larger version where you can read the text.


This picture by  U.Name.Me and edited by TeKaBe
and by myself is licensed for sharing under the
Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license




SECTION 2:   The Founding of Carthage
(Note:  The Revised version mentions in the text that Carthage was first settled around 814 BC/BCE.  In the original version it says, in a footnote to parents, not in the main text, that it was founded in 850 BC/BCE.   I'm assuming this was a correction or update with newer info).   

For this section I really wanted to find an image of a Phonician woman to use as an illustration of Dido, but it turns out that the Phoenicians were not fond of making images of themselves.   However, other nations did and I found some  depictions here.

We also used an illustration of a Phoenician city in Ancient Civilizations.




ACTIVITIES

My son loved watching the glass blowing video below...





HANDS ON ACTIVITIES
We didn't do these, but they looked fun....

Purple Dye Craft
No murex secretions involved!



LEARN ABOUT THE PHOENICIAN ALPHABET
Did you know that our alphabet descended from the Phoenician alphabet?  The SOTW text didn't mention it, but it's one of their most important contributions to history.   Learn about it with the video and activity listed below.

The Alphabet, Video by Extra Credits History

Phoenician Alphabet Craft
They use clay, but Phoencians, being traders, more often used Egyptian papyrus.   You could also make a scroll to use, which was the way most papyrus was stored.


ADDITIONAL READING FOR OLDER STUDENTS

The Myth of Cadmus and the Founding of Thebes
Older students might be interested in reading another founding myth involving the Phoenicians:  Cadmus and the Founding of Thebes.   It's a fun story involving fighting a dragon.   While it does contain an un-detailed mention of sex (Zeus "lies with" the main character's sister, one of his many adulteries), apart from that it is pretty benign for a Greek myth.    This would be best for older children on their 2nd or later cycle through history, as it refers to Greek gods yet to be discussed in this volume.    


The Phoenician Alphabet in Archeology
A related archeology article about how the Greek alphabet derived from the Phoenician one (which mentions the myth).   You could follow this up by doing some activities with the Phoenician alphabet.


 

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HEADING PICTURE CREDITS
The picture of a Phoenician ship in the credits is licensed for sharing under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license.   It was created by NMB and also attributed to Elie Plus.